The History of Philosophy is the history of philosophic arguments
Contents
- Nature of Philosophy
- Philosophy is the investigation of fundamental issues by rational argument
- Historical Themes
- Central Role of Arguments
- An argument is a piece of reasoning, from premises to a conclusion
- Rationalism vs Empiricism
- Rationalism is the view that important truths about the world can be established by a priori reasoning (reasoning independent of experience)
- Empiricism is the view that important truths about the world can only be established by a posteriori reasoning (reasoning based on experience)
- Extreme Metaphysics vs Common Sense
- Skepticism vs Common Sense
- Role of Math and Science
- Central Role of Arguments
- Ancient Greek Philosophy (6th century BCE to 4th century)
- Proto-Scientists
- Socrates
- Euclid
- Plato
- Aristotle
- Skeptics
- Medieval Philosophy (4th to 15th centuries)
- Anselm
- Ockham
- Scientific Revolution (16th and 17th centuries)
- Copernicus
- Galileo
- Kepler
- Newton
- Modern Philosophy (17th and 18th centuries)
- Enlightenment
- Modern Philosophy was part of the Enlightenment, the intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries elevating the use of reason in understanding the world and developing systems of government.
- Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison were leaders of the Enlightenment in America.
- Rationalism vs Empiricism
- Enlightenment
- Nineteenth Century
- Absolute Idealists
- Mill
- Frege
- Contemporary Analytic Philosophy
- Moore
- Russell
A Philosopher's View 